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Important Finanical ratios for
What are return ratios? > Return ratios indicate the return on invested capital to various stakeholders. Two primary stakeholders are shareholders and lenders. Higher the return ratios, better is the company's operations, pricing power and efficiency in managing capital.
What are margin ratios? > Margin ratios indicate the the profitability of the company. Higher the ratio, better is the prospects of company in maintaining its price leadership. A rising margin indicates better operability and pricing power of the company.
What are valuation ratios? > A valuation ratio is a measure of how attractively valued a security (or business) is, compared to certain measure of profit or value. A valuation ratio is calculated by dividing a measure of price by a measure of value, or vice-versa.
What are turnover ratios? > Turnover ratios denote the operational efficiency in terms of managing its day-to-day operations and usage of its inventory, working capital, fixed assets etc. Higher the ratio, better will be the return to stakeholders.
What are leverage ratios? > Leverage ratios indicate the operating and financial leverage of the company in order to manage its business. Higher Debt/equity on one hand improves return to shareholders but beyond a point also puts stress on the company. Higher Debt Service Coverage means that the company is efficiently using its debt to generate higher returns to its stakeholders.
How to analyse Profit & Loss statement? > Profit and Loss statement of a company indicates how the company is performing. Such performance is measured in terms of profitability, efficiency, returns, impact of costs of raw materials, foreign exchange, salary costs etc.
How Do I Read a Balance Sheet? > Balance Sheet is comprised of two sides- Liabilities and Assets. Liabilities represent sources of funds, which is primarily of two types- Networth of the company (equity capital + reserves & surpluses) and Borrowings (long and short-term borrowings). On the other hand Assets represent uses of funds, which is represented by- Fixed Assets (land, building, plant and machinery) and Current Assets (raw material, inventory, investments etc.). One has to understand how such items are changing over a period of time and are they allowing company to grow in healthy manner or creating stress on cash flows.
What Is Cash Flow Statement? > It is generally said that 'Cash is King'. Cash flow statement is a vital financial document which shows how the company is generating and using its cash. Operating cash flow shows the operational efficiency of the company in order to manage its day-to-day operations and growth. Investing Cash Flow shows how the company is investing to maintain its future growth prospects. Financing Cash Flow shows how such growth is funded.
Performance of HDFC Life Insurance Company Ltd Compared to its peers in Finance & Investments
Market capitalization (market cap) is the market value of a publicly traded company's outstanding shares. Market capitalization is equal to the share price multiplied by the number of shares outstanding.
The price-to-earnings ratio (P/E ratio) is the ratio for valuing a company that measures its current share price relative to its per-share earnings (EPS).
The PBV ratio is the market price per share divided by the book value per share. For example, a stock with a PBV ratio of 2 means that we pay Rs 2 for every Rs. 1 of book value. The higher the PBV, the more expensive the stock. Most companies have a PBV greater than one.
Enterprise value/EBITDA is a popular valuation multiple used in the finance industry to measure the value of a company. It is the most widely used valuation multiple based on enterprise value and is often used in conjunction with, or as an alternative to, the P/E ratio to determine the fair market value of a company.
Return on capital employed is an accounting ratio used in finance, valuation, and accounting. It is a useful measure for comparing the relative profitability of companies after taking into account the amount of capital used.
A dividend is a payment made by a corporation to its shareholders, usually as a distribution of profits. When a corporation earns a profit or surplus, the corporation is able to re-invest the profit in the business and pay a proportion of the profit as a dividend to shareholders.
The debt-to-equity ratio is a financial ratio indicating the relative proportion of shareholders' equity and debt used to finance a company's assets. Closely related to leveraging, the ratio is also known as risk, gearing or leverage.
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